Symptoms of breast cancer
Symptoms of breast cancer, breast cancer symptoms, symptoms of breast cancer
Symptoms of breast cancer
Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease in women, and still the causes of this disease is not known with precision.
Factors that raise the degree of risk:
There are factors that increase the risk of exposure to the disease, which is in detail:
- Age: the percentage of the risk of the disease the greater the age of the woman, and there are about 77% of breast cancer cases diagnosed after the age of 55 years, while a ratio of only 18% in women in the forties of age.
- Genetic factors: Statistics indicate that the rate of 50-10% of breast cancer cases have a cause of hereditary, specifically defects in the work of genes naturally, such as BRCA2, BRCA1 note that these genes are carried by men and women are equal, so can be inherited from the father or mother.
And not necessarily that the woman was carrying the genes of average breast cancer because there are other factors to help the emergence of cancer.
If the genetic testing positive in the sense (the presence of genetic abnormalities), this indicates an increased risk of breast cancer, without specifying when or possibility of it happening.
It is noteworthy that the risk increases also with an aunt similar to the relatives Mbeshrat (mother, sister, aunt, aunt or grandmother), and in case was the sister or mother or daughter infected, the risk increases twofold, but if there were two cases, the likelihood of the risk increases five-fold . The presence of nearby in the family or more were hit with ovarian cancer, the risk of breast cancer increases.
- Breast cancer: When exposure to breast cancer, the likelihood of the risk in the other breast rise by 3 to 4 times.
- The presence of abnormal changes in breast tissue, such as Atypical Hyperplasia
- Radiation therapy to the chest: In the previous Radiation Therapy
- Menstrual cycle: menstrual cycles start early (before age 12 years) and / or late menopause after age 55 years
- Childlessness or late first pregnancy after 30 years.
- Contraceptives that are taken by mouth: There is a possibility based on several studies that result in the use of contraceptives through the mouth to a slight increase in the proportion of exposure to breast cancer. This eliminates the rise after dropping out of the use of these medicines for more than 10 years.
- The use of estrogen or progesterone: after the age of menopause, and in this case being discuss the benefits and harms of this treatment with your doctor before you start eating.
- Breastfeeding: breastfeeding as possible to reduce the natural breast to some extent the incidence of breast cancer, especially if you continue breastfeeding for a year and a half to two years.
Studies have shown that childless women to a greater number of children and nursing mothers for a longer period that the ratio of exposure of breast cancer less than others.
- Alcohol: It is possible that alcohol increases the likelihood of exposure to infection by one and a half.
- Obesity and fat-rich food: especially after menopause when obesity is not an additional factor in the case found in childhood.
- Sports: Sports soften if exercised regularly, even if the risk was limited at 1.25 - 2.30 hours per week as it is in this case lead to reduce the risk by 18%.
- Environmental pollution: some drugs by lethal to insects DDE and other pollutants such as Polychlorinated biphenyls
- Smoking: possible to increase the rate of infection, but no studies prove this conclusively.
Symptoms of breast cancer:
For breast cancer are many symptoms, including:
- Swelling or thickening in the breast or underarm
- Change in the shape, size or rotate the breast
- The presence of nipple discharge (other than milk)
- Change in color or texture of the breast
- Change in color of the nipple or nipple visibility or a coup or a change in the nipple skin (rash) or pain in the nipple
Breast self-examination:
Every woman over the age of 20 years to conduct an examination of her breasts once a month.
If the lady is still at the stage of menstruation, it should be tested Alkien 3 to 4 days after the end.
If the lady had reached the age of menopause can then conduct testing during any day of the month and every 30 days.
Must be a self-examination and after feeding on a monthly basis.
How to conduct breast self-examination:
- Stand in front of the mirror and look at the breast to note the following:
Change in the skin, change in shape, shrinking the nipple into the breast
- Breast examination:
Examination begins to lie down comfortably with the lift and bend the left arm behind the head. Examine all areas of the left chest with the right hand in the form of circular movements with the sensitive nipple is radial or vertically up and down to make sure there are no tumors or areas where the fabric of the steel. Then examine the area under the left armpit to make sure there are no tumors.
Then the process repeats itself in the right breast and the area under the right armpit.
Each time the pressure on the nipple to make sure that there is no discharge.
It should be noted that it is possible to perform breast self-examination during the shower as well as the wet hands with soap flow better on the skin.
In the event of any of the changes mentioned above, you should not enter into a state of turmoil because 8 of the 10 breast tumors are benign, but must in this case, check with your doctor as soon as possible in order to take the necessary steps.
Recommendations of the American Cancer Society for early detection of breast cancer:
- X-ray examination of the breast a year from the age of 40 years on a regular basis as long as women enjoy good health
- Conduct a clinical examination of the breast every 3 years starting from the age of 20 years and every year starting from the 40
- Breast self-examination at the age of 20 remains optional, but a woman should consult her doctor in case of any symptoms in the breast
- In the event of a rise in risk of breast cancer, her doctor to discuss Ms. about the benefits and harms of breast screening to start X-ray at an early age or to add other tests Kalsonar or MRI or to undergo more frequent.
Diagnosis of breast disease by imaging tests
Imaging Studies
1) X-ray examination of breast
Mammography
The radiographic examination of the best ways in which they can identify the tumor may be cancer, even if they did not touch Kachroo possible. And mammography is a process of imaging of the breast X-ray is able to detect small changes and the exact tissue that may indicate the presence of malignant disease, it should be noted that the amount of radiation per examination equivalent to those used in the filming of teeth and therefore do not pose a threat.
2) mammography or ultrasound sonar
Breast Ultrasound
This method helps to distinguish between tumor and the tumor is malignant or benign. The advantage of this test are not subjected to any radiation, Ms. and the possibility of better diagnosis of the tumor when dense breast tissue.
3) portray the milk ducts in the breast
Galactogram, Ductoram
This test is gaining importance in the case of discharge from the nipple
4) breast MRI
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Breast MRIB
Based on the decisions of the American Society of Breast Diseases issued on June 28, 2004, the breast MRI is complementary to mammography X-ray, the clinical examination of the breasts and breast examination sonar to detect breast cancer in women at risk of injury in view of the data family and genetic and this test is not supported in the early detection for breast cancer in general, but can be resorted to in the following cases:
- Determine the spread of the disease
- The discovery of the cancerous tumor to the lymph nodes under the armpit
- Differentiate between scar resulting from surgery in the breast and re-infection
- Magnifier detection of breast cancer if the exposure to infection is very high
- Case Study of Breast Implants
- Assess the proportion of disease response to chemotherapy Neoadjuvant introductory
5) examination by the needle
Fine needle aspiration biopsy FNAB
This examination shall be by a fine needle under the influence of local anesthetic with the possibility of direct observation to guide the needle by ultrasound imaging or CT. This allows testing to take a sample of tumor cells in the breast in order to study them.
6) examination by needle thicker
Stereotaxic core needle biopsy
An examination is being directed by thicker needle from the needle used in the previous examination (diameter 1 / 16 to 1 / 8 of an inch) and allows access to the fabric, not just cells, giving greater access to the laboratory diagnosis of definite
7) CT radioisotope
PET scan: Positron Emission Tomography Scan
This test can be used alone instead of multiple imaging tests other being a full scan of the body. It is also possible to use as checking a diagnostic assistant for breast screening by X-ray especially in case of doubt the spread of disease to the lymph nodes under the armpit when this gland is enlarged.
